bullitnut
4 awesome repairs with SMG
Just read this and thought i would post it on here
When a wound occurs in an adult person, hair follicle growth is blocked and the
skin heals with a scar. In a study, researchers in the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania have determined the role of a key growth factor, found in skin cells of limited quantities in humans, which helps hair follicles form and regenerate
during the wound healing process. When this growth factor, called Fgf9, was overexpressed in a mouse model, there was a two- to three-fold increase in the number of new hair follicles produced. Researchers believe that this growth factor could be used therapeutically for
people with various hair and scalp disorders. "The findings help explain why humans don't regenerate their hair after wounding. The study also points us to a way to treat wounds and grow hair," said senior author George Cotsarelis, MD, professor and chair of Dermatology. Following up on earlier work, which showed that increased signaling from the Wnt pathway doubled the number of new hair follicles, the Penn team looked
further upstream in the pathway and identified an important cascade of signals that prompt further expression, as well as perpetuate and amplify signals sent during a crucial phase of hair-follicle regeneration. Fgf9 is initially secreted from gamma delta T cells, an unconventional, rare subset of T cells involved in the immune response. Once released, Fgf9 serves as the catalyst for a signal sent via the dermal Wnt pathway. The signal prompts
further expression of Fgf9 in structural cells called fibroblasts, and adds to the generation of new hair follicles. When a wound occurs in an adult person, hair follicle growth is blocked and the skin heals with a scar. However, hair does regenerate to a great extent in the wound-healing process in mice. The team compared how the process works in adult mice versus humans. Humans have low numbers of gamma delta T cells in their skin compared to
mice, and this may explain why human skin scars but does not regenerate hair
follicles. In adult mice, the amount of Fgf9 secreted modulates hair-follicle regeneration
after wounding. When Fgf9 was reduced, there was a decrease in wound-induced hair follicle growth. Conversely, when Fgf9 was increased, there was a two- to three-fold increase in the number of new hair follicles, equal to the amount seen in the mice expressing Wnt. Importantly, when the investigators added Fgf9 back to the wounds that do not
normally regenerate, FGF9 triggered the molecular cascade of events necessary
for skin and hair regeneration; thus, leaving the door open for using Fgf9 to treat wounds and hair loss in people. The Penn team suggests that, given the differences in skin development and regeneration in response to wounding, treatments intended to compensate for the lack of Fgf9 may be most effective if timed with a wounding response. "Testing activators of Fgf9 or Wnt pathways during the wound healing process may be warranted," they stated. The study appeared in an advance online publication of Nature Medicine.
When a wound occurs in an adult person, hair follicle growth is blocked and the
skin heals with a scar. In a study, researchers in the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania have determined the role of a key growth factor, found in skin cells of limited quantities in humans, which helps hair follicles form and regenerate
during the wound healing process. When this growth factor, called Fgf9, was overexpressed in a mouse model, there was a two- to three-fold increase in the number of new hair follicles produced. Researchers believe that this growth factor could be used therapeutically for
people with various hair and scalp disorders. "The findings help explain why humans don't regenerate their hair after wounding. The study also points us to a way to treat wounds and grow hair," said senior author George Cotsarelis, MD, professor and chair of Dermatology. Following up on earlier work, which showed that increased signaling from the Wnt pathway doubled the number of new hair follicles, the Penn team looked
further upstream in the pathway and identified an important cascade of signals that prompt further expression, as well as perpetuate and amplify signals sent during a crucial phase of hair-follicle regeneration. Fgf9 is initially secreted from gamma delta T cells, an unconventional, rare subset of T cells involved in the immune response. Once released, Fgf9 serves as the catalyst for a signal sent via the dermal Wnt pathway. The signal prompts
further expression of Fgf9 in structural cells called fibroblasts, and adds to the generation of new hair follicles. When a wound occurs in an adult person, hair follicle growth is blocked and the skin heals with a scar. However, hair does regenerate to a great extent in the wound-healing process in mice. The team compared how the process works in adult mice versus humans. Humans have low numbers of gamma delta T cells in their skin compared to
mice, and this may explain why human skin scars but does not regenerate hair
follicles. In adult mice, the amount of Fgf9 secreted modulates hair-follicle regeneration
after wounding. When Fgf9 was reduced, there was a decrease in wound-induced hair follicle growth. Conversely, when Fgf9 was increased, there was a two- to three-fold increase in the number of new hair follicles, equal to the amount seen in the mice expressing Wnt. Importantly, when the investigators added Fgf9 back to the wounds that do not
normally regenerate, FGF9 triggered the molecular cascade of events necessary
for skin and hair regeneration; thus, leaving the door open for using Fgf9 to treat wounds and hair loss in people. The Penn team suggests that, given the differences in skin development and regeneration in response to wounding, treatments intended to compensate for the lack of Fgf9 may be most effective if timed with a wounding response. "Testing activators of Fgf9 or Wnt pathways during the wound healing process may be warranted," they stated. The study appeared in an advance online publication of Nature Medicine.
